Tarragon has a peppery anise taste. Tea of this herb is used to help with kidney problems.
Both the leaves and flowers of tarragon are edible.
Crops
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Names Scientific Citrus limettaEnglish Sweet limeSpanish Lima dulce Limetta dulce Limón dulce Limón dulce mediterráneoFrench Citron doux Lime méditerranéenne Limette Taxonomy Order SapindalesFamily RutaceaeGenus CitrusSpecies Citrus limetta (Sweet lime) Crop categories Fruits Minor crops Subtropical crops Tropical crops
The sweet granadilla originates from the Andes region in South America (Colombia, Venezuela, Bolivia).
Fruits of the Surinam cherry have one to three seeds. They have a sweet-sour taste and are rich in Vitamin C.
Crotalaria is grown in tropical regions.
There are many different species in the genus Crotolaria. Several are used as green manure. Of some species, the leaves are eaten as a vegetable. Sunn hemp is grown as a fooder or green manure.
Crotolaria species in symbiosis with Rhizobium sp. are nitrogen-fixing crops, which explains their use as green manure.
Sunflowers are usually grown to produce sunflower oil, but the flowers are also planted as ornamental flowers in gardens. Smaller sunflowers can be used as cut flowers. Sunflower seeds are eaten raw or roasted as a snack.
Most sugarcane is produced in Brazil. Other important producers include India, China and Thailand.
Sugarcane is used to produce sugar, but can also be used to produce bio-ethanol. It is also used to produce rum.
In 2010 the estimated world production of Sugarcane was 1,685,444,531 Metric Tons (source FAOSTAT), which corresponds to about 244 kg per person (in 2010 the world had about 6.9 billion persons).
Sudan grass is most often used as a fodder cop, but recently has also been used in the production of biogas.
The strawberry guava originates from Brazil.
Fruit of the strawberry guava is eaten fresh. Cut the fruit in half and scoop out the pulp and seeds. The taste is is like a passionfruit mixed with strawberry.
There is a red-fruited and a yellow-fruited variety. The yellow-fruited strawberry guava is also called Lemon guava. The strawberry guava is closely related to the common guava
Spanish lime originates from south and central America and the Carribean.
Note that the name Honeyberry is also used for some different unrelated fruits.
Names Scientific Spinacia oleraceaEnglish SpinachDutch SpinazieSpanish EspinacaFrench ÉpinardGerman Echter Spinat Gartenspinat Gemüsespinat SpinatItalian Spinacio Taxonomy Order CaryophyllalesFamily AmaranthaceaeGenus SpinaciaSpecies Spinacia oleracea (Spinach) Crop categories Cool temperate crops Leaf vegetables Major crops Mediterranean crops Subtropical crops Temperate crops Vegetables
Spilanthes originates from Brazil.
Leaves are used in salds or are cooked. Decoction or infusions of the leaves and flowers can be used as medicine, for example to treat toothache and throat problems.
Spanish tamarind is also called Tamarind of the Indies, but this does not originate from Spain or India and it is not related to the tamarind. Instead it originates from Madagascar and is common in many African countries, where it is grown for its large orange edible fruits.
Names Scientific Annona purpureaEnglish Ilama SoncoyaDutch SoncoyaSpanish Cabeza de negro Chincuya Soncoya ToretaItalian Soncoia Taxonomy Order MagnolialesFamily AnnonaceaeGenus AnnonaSpecies Annona purpurea (Soncoya) Crop categories Fruits Minor crops Subtropical crops Tropical crops
Shiny-leaf Buckthorn is small tree or shrub that originates from Africa.
In Ethiopia this plant is called Gesho. It is used to produce a type of mead called Tej. The stems of gesho are boiled to prepare an extract that is similar to hops and gives the drink a bitter taste. It is also used to brew an Ethiopian beer called tella. The gesho tree also has edible shiny red fruits.
Names Scientific Allium cepa var. aggregatumSynonym Allium ascalonicumEnglish Eschalot Multiplier onion Potato onion ShallotDutch Eslook SjalotSpanish Cebolla escalonia Chalota Echalote EscaloniaFrench ÉchaloteGerman Askalonzwiebel Edelzwiebel Eschalotte Eschlauch SchalotteItalian Scalogno Taxonomy Order AsparagalesFamily AmaryllidaceaeGenus AlliumSpecies Allium cepa var. aggregatum (Shallot) Crop categories Bulb vegetables Mediterranean crops Minor crops Subtropical crops Temperate crops Vegetables
Names Scientific Allium wakegiEnglish Green onion Green shallots Salad onion Scallion Spring onionDutch Bosui Lenteui Pijpajuin Slaui Taxonomy Order AsparagalesFamily AmaryllidaceaeGenus AlliumSpecies Allium wakegi (Scallion) Crop categories Leaf vegetables Mediterranean crops Minor crops Subtropical crops Temperate crops Vegetables
Sea lettuces are edible green algae which grow in many coastal areas of the world's oceans. There are several edible species in the genus Ulva, but Ulva lactuca is the most common species used for human consumption.
Salmonberry originates from the west coast of North America.
Salmonberry can be eaten fresh or is used to make jam, jelly or wine.
Names Scientific Tragopogon porrifoliusEnglish Common salsify Goatsbeard Oysterplant Purple salsify SalsifyDutch Armeluisasperges Boksbaard Haverwortel Keukenmeidenverdriet Oesterplant Paarse morgenster Witte schorseneerSpanish Barba de cabra Salsifí comúnFrench Salsifis cultivéGerman Habermark Haferwurzel Purpur-Bocksbart Taxonomy Order AsteralesFamily AsteraceaeGenus TragopogonSpecies Tragopogon porrifolius (Salsify) Crop categories Cool temperate crops Leaf vegetables Mediterranean crops Minor crops Root vegetables Subtropical crops Temperate crops Vegetables
Sapodilla is a tropical fruit tree. It originates from Mexico, Central America and the Caribbean. Fruits of the sapodilla look a bit like a potato but have a very sweet flavor.
Names Scientific Onobrychis viciifoliaEnglish Esparcet SainfoinDutch EsparcetteSpanish Esparceta PipirigalloFrench SainfoinGerman Futter-Esparsette Saat-Esparsette Taxonomy Order FabalesFamily FabaceaeGenus OnobrychisSpecies Onobrychis viciifolia (Sainfoin) Crop categories Forage and fodder crops Legumes Mediterranean crops Minor crops Subtropical crops Temperate crops
The Safou originates from Africa where it is a traditional food plant. It grows in the humid, tropical forests of West and Central Africa.
Rutabaga is a root vegetable that originated as a cross between the cabbage and the turnip. The name 'turnip' is sometimes used for the rutabaga. Roots are edible and can be prepared in different ways. The leaves are also edible and can be used as a leaf vegetable.
Names Scientific Phaseolus coccineusEnglish Runner bean Scarlet runner beanDutch PronkboonSpanish Ayecote AyocoteFrench Haricot d'Espagne Haricot-fleurGerman Feuerbohne Käferbohne Prunkbohne Taxonomy Order FabalesFamily FabaceaeGenus PhaseolusSpecies Phaseolus coccineus (Runner bean) Crop categories Minor crops Podded vegetables Subtropical crops Temperate crops Vegetables
Names Scientific Ficus elasticaSynonym Árbol del cauchoEnglish Indian rubber bush Rubber bush Rubber fig Rubber plantDutch Indische rubberboomFrench CaoutchoucGerman GummibaumItalian Fico del caucciù Taxonomy Order RosalesFamily MoraceaeGenus FicusSpecies Ficus elastica (Rubber fig) Crop categories Minor crops Subtropical crops Tropical crops
Roses are grown as ornamental plants in gardens or to be sold as cut flowers. Essential oils extracted from the petals are used in perfumes. Rose water can be used for cooking, in cosmetics and in religious rituals. Fruits of many species are rich in vitamins and are used in food or sometimes as medicine.
Rhubarb is usually considered to be a vegetable, but it is used rather as a fruit, to make desserts.
Leaves of Rooibos are first oxidized and are then used to prepare a kind of tea with a reddish color.
Names Scientific Vigna umbellataEnglish Rice bean RicebeanFrench Haricot rizGerman Reisbohne Taxonomy Order FabalesFamily FabaceaeGenus VignaSpecies Vigna umbellata (Rice bean) Crop categories Forage and fodder crops Legumes Minor crops Podded vegetables Subtropical crops Tropical crops Vegetables
The unripe fruits of ribbed gourd are eaten as a vegetable. Mature ribbed gourd fruits are used to make sponges. The plant is also knows as ridged luffa.
A close relative of the ridged luffa is the Egyptian cucumber or smooth luffa.
Fruits of red chokeberry can be eaten raw or are used to make jam, juice or wine.
Red chokeberry is closely related to two other chokeberry species: black and purple chokeberry.
Red acacia is an important source for gum arabic. Both bark and gum of this tree have medicinal properties.
Several other species within the Acasia genus are a source of gum arabic.
Ramontch is native to tropical Africa and Asia.
Fruits of the Ramontchi are eaten raw or used to make jelly or jam.
Ramie is a fiber crop. It has been used for at least 6,000 years, especially in China, to produce fabrics. The fibers used for textiles come from the inner bark (phloem) of the vegetative stalks.
Fruits of purple chokeberry can be processed to make juice, wine or jam.
The purple chokeberry has two close relatives: red chokeberry and black chokeberry. Possibly the purple chokeberry is a hybrid of the red and black chokeberry.