Several species of Crocus are grown as ornamental plants. Some species flower in spring while other produce flowers in autumn.
The genus Crocus includes over 80 different species.
Crops
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Walnut, a tree from Asia, is prized for its nutritious nuts and valuable timber, with a rich history in culture and medicine.
Coriander leaves are used fresh as a herb in many Asian dishes. The dry fruits of coriander (coriander seeds) are a spice often used in Indian dishes. but they can also be eaten as a snack. Coriander roots are sometimes used in Thai food.
Corn salad is an edible leaf vegetable. It has dark green leaves with a nutty flavor and soft texture.
This dragonfruit has fruits with red pulp and a pink-red skin. The name dragonfruit is used for 3 different species in the cactus family.
Cowpea is closely related to the yard-long bean. Cowpea and the yard-long bean are different subspecies of Vigna unguiculata.
Lavender is a fragrant herb grown in temperate regions, valued for its essential oils, culinary uses, and medicinal benefits promoting relaxation.
Names Scientific Portulaca oleraceaSynonym Portulaca sativaEnglish Common purslane Pigweed VerdolagaDutch PosteleinSpanish VerdolagaFrench PourpierGerman Gemüse-Portulak PortulakItalian Porcellana comune Portulaca Taxonomy Order CaryophyllalesFamily PortulacaceaeGenus PortulacaSpecies Portulaca oleracea (Common purslane) Crop categories Arid crops Leaf vegetables Subtropical crops Temperate crops Tropical crops Vegetables Wild-harvested crops
Used in vegetables, fish, meat and sauces. Because of its aromatic smell this herb is often used in soap products.
Common Jasmine originates from Central Asia.
The essential oils of common jasmine are used in aromatherapy and has several medical uses (antiseptic, anti-inflammatory).
Common Jasmine is recognized as the National flower of Pakistan.
Names Scientific Cola acuminataEnglish Cola nut Kola nut Kola treeDutch KolanootSpanish Nuez de colaFrench Colatier Kola KolatierGerman KolabäumeItalian Cola Taxonomy Order MalvalesFamily MalvaceaeGenus ColaSpecies Cola acuminata (Cola nut) Crop categories Edible seeds Medicinal plants Minor crops Nuts Stimulants Subtropical crops Tropical crops
Robusta coffee tastes stronger and has more bitterness than Arabica coffee. It also has higher crop yields than Arabica coffee and it contains more caffeine.
Names Scientific Solanum sessiliflorumEnglish CoconaDutch Orinoco-appelSpanish CoconaFrench CoconaOther Túpiro Taxonomy Order SolanalesFamily SolanaceaeGenus SolanumSpecies Solanum sessiliflorum (Cocona) Crop categories Fruits Minor crops Tropical crops
Most cocoplums are found near sea beaches in the tropical Americas and the Caribbean.
Fruits of the cocoplum are edible and are used to produce jam or juice or to make cakes. The cocoplum is salt tolerant and grown to prevent erosion and stabilize beach edges. Cocoplum is also grown as an ornamental plant.
Coconuts are the fruits of the coconut palm. Throughout the tropics this palm is grown as decoration or for its edible fruits. But apart from the fruits, almost any part of the plant can be used, for example to make furniture or mats, or to thatch roofs.
Clover is the common name for plants in the genus Trifolium. The genus name refers to the fact that leaves are trifoliate (three leaves).
There are about 300 clover species. Some of these are cultivated as fodder crops (e.g. White clover, Red clover and Crimson clover).
Names Scientific Citrus medicaEnglish Citron SuccadeDutch Sukade SukadeboomGerman Citronat Succade Sukkade Zitronat Taxonomy Order SapindalesFamily RutaceaeGenus CitrusSpecies Citrus medica (Citron) Crop categories Fruits Mediterranean crops Minor crops Subtropical crops
All parts of this plant taste like anise, especially the seeds. Leaves are used fresh as a herb in soups or sauces, but also as a tea.
Names Scientific Cyperus esculentusEnglish Chufa sedge Earth almond Tigernut sedge Yellow nutsedgeDutch Aardamandel KnolcyperusSpanish Chufa Juncia avellanadaFrench Amande de terre Choufa Gland de terre Noix tigrée Pois sucré Souchet comestibleGerman Erdmandel TigernussItalian Zigolo dolce Taxonomy Order PoalesFamily CyperaceaeGenus CyperusSpecies Cyperus esculentus (Chufa sedge) Crop categories Arid crops Minor crops Subtropical crops Tropical crops Tuber vegetables Vegetables
Names Scientific Crataegus pinnatifidaEnglish Chinese hawthornSpanish Espino chino Taxonomy Order RosalesFamily RosaceaeGenus CrataegusSpecies Crataegus pinnatifida (Chinese hawthorn) Crop categories Cool temperate crops Fruits Mediterranean crops Minor crops Subtropical crops Temperate crops
Chokeberries originate from eastern North America.
Chokeberries are often grown as ornamental plants. They are not very important as a fruit crop. Fruits can be used to make wine, jam, syrup, juice or tea. Fruits of the red chokeberry can be eaten raw.
There are 3 species of chokeberries: red, black and purple.
Chives are grown for their leaves which are used as a herb.Chives are related to onion, leek and garlic.
Names Scientific Dioscorea oppositaSynonym Dioscorea batatasEnglish Chinese yam Japanese mountain yam Korean yam Nagaimo Taxonomy Order DioscorealesFamily DioscoreaceaeGenus DioscoreaSpecies Dioscorea opposita (Chinese yam) Crop categories Medicinal plants Minor crops Root vegetables Subtropical crops Temperate crops Tropical crops Vegetables
The Chinese white pear or Ya pear originates from the north of China.
This pear species can sometimes be confused with the Chinese pear (Pyrus pyrifolia).
Names Scientific Brassica rapa subsp. chinensisSynonym Brassica chinensisEnglish Bok choi Bok choy Chinese cabbage Pak choi Pak choyDutch PaksoiSpanish Bok choy Col china Pak choyFrench Bok choy Chou de Chine Pak choi Taxonomy Order BrassicalesFamily BrassicaceaeGenus BrassicaSpecies Brassica rapa subsp. chinensis (Chinese cabbage) Crop categories Cool temperate crops Leaf vegetables Mediterranean crops Minor crops Subtropical crops Temperate crops Vegetables
Names Scientific Capsicum pubescensEnglish Chili pepper Locoto Rocoto Rocoto pepper Tree chiliSpanish Chile de cera Chile manzano Chile perón Locoto RocotoFrench Piment Piment rocoto RocotoGerman Baumchili Taxonomy Order SolanalesFamily SolanaceaeGenus CapsicumSpecies Capsicum pubescens (Rocoto pepper) Crop categories Fruit vegetables Herbs Major crops Spices Stimulants Subtropical crops Tropical crops Vegetables
Names Scientific Capsicum baccatumEnglish Ají Aji pepper Bishop's crown Brazilian starfish Chili pepper Lemon drop Peppadew Wild baccatumDutch AjiSpanish Ají amarillo Ají escabecheFrench Piment Taxonomy Order SolanalesFamily SolanaceaeGenus CapsicumSpecies Capsicum baccatum (Aji pepper) Crop categories Arid crops Fruit vegetables Herbs Major crops Spices Stimulants Subtropical crops Tropical crops Vegetables
Names Scientific Cucurbita ficifoliaEnglish Chilacayote Fig-leaf gourd Malabar gourd Malabar squash Siam pumpkin Thai marrowDutch VijgenbladpompoenSpanish Alcayota Alcayote ChilacayoteFrench Courge à feuille de figuier Courge de Siam Melon de MalabarGerman Feigenblatt-KürbisItalian Zucca siamese Taxonomy Order CucurbitalesFamily CucurbitaceaeGenus CucurbitaSpecies Cucurbita ficifolia (Chilacayote) Crop categories Edible seeds Fruit vegetables Minor crops Subtropical crops Tropical crops Vegetables
Names Scientific Cichorium intybus var. foliosumEnglish Belgian endive Chicory French endive Red endive WitloofDutch Brussels lof Groenlof Witlof WitloofGerman Chicorée Fleischkraut Schikoree Zuckerhut Taxonomy Order AsteralesFamily AsteraceaeGenus CichoriumSpecies Cichorium intybus var. foliosum (Chicory) Crop categories Cool temperate crops Leaf vegetables Mediterranean crops Minor crops Subtropical crops Temperate crops Vegetables
Names Scientific Castanea sativaEnglish Chestnut European chestnut Marron Spanish chestnut Sweet chestnutDutch Tamme kastanjeSpanish Castaño Castaño comúnFrench Châtaignier européenGerman Edelkastanie EsskastanieItalian Castagno europeo Taxonomy Order FagalesFamily FagaceaeGenus CastaneaSpecies Castanea sativa (Chestnut) Crop categories Cool temperate crops Mediterranean crops Minor crops Nuts Temperate crops
Chervil is a herb that can be used in soup, vegetables ar salads.
Chervil is a herb that is related to parsley.
The Cherry of the Rio Grande is native to Brazil.
The dark red of purple fruits are sweet and taste a bit like cherries. Fruits are eaten fresh or are used to make juice or jam.
Names Scientific Lactuca sativa var. asparaginaEnglish Asparagus lettuce Celery lettuce Celtuce Chinese lettuce Stem lettuceSpanish Lechuga china Taxonomy Order AsteralesFamily AsteraceaeGenus LactucaSpecies Lactuca sativa var. asparagina (Celtuce) Crop categories Cool temperate crops Mediterranean crops Minor crops Stem vegetables Subtropical crops Temperate crops Vegetables
Celeriac is a type of celery. It is grown for its edible stem and shoots. Celeriac looks like a root vegetable but the edible part is actually a bulbous hypocotyl with many small roots attached.
Important cassava producing countries include Nigeria, Brazil, Indonesia, Thailand, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Angola and Ghana.
In 2010 the estimated world production of Cassava was 229,540,896 Metric Tons (source FAOSTAT), which corresponds to about 33 kg per person (in 2010 the world had about 6.9 billion persons). However, not all this cassava is eaten by people; cassave is also used in animal feed and to produce ethanol (as a biofuel).
Cassabanana originates from Brazil.
Cassabanana fruits can be up to 60 cm long. The Cassabanana fruit can be eaten as a hand fruit when ripe, or can be used to make jams or in cooking. Green fruits are eaten as a vegetable. Sometimes it is grown as an ornamental plant.
Carob tree grows mainly in the mediterranean region and the middle east.
The pods of carob tree are edible.
Carnations are grown as ornamental plants or for cut flowers.
The genus Dianthus includes over 300 species. A well known species is Dianthus caryophyllus (Clove Pink) which has been cultivated for the last 2000 years.
The caper plant is grown for the edible flower buds, which are called capers. The caper bud can be salted and pickled and is then used as a spice for seasoning or as a garnish, often in Italian dishes.