Catnip leaves
Catnip is a plant known for its ability to trigger playful or calming behaviors in many cats due to a compound called nepetalactone. It has also been used in traditional medicine for humans as a mild sedative or herbal remedy for ailments like insomnia, anxiety, or indigestion.
Names
Scientific
Nepeta cataria
English
Catnip
Catswort
Catwort
Katzenkraut
Dutch
Wild kattenkruid
Spanish
Albahaca de gatos
Hierba gatera
Menta gatuna
Nébeda
French
Cataire
Chataire
German
Echte Katzenminze
Echter Andorn
Katzenmelisse
Katzenminze
Taxonomy
Genus
Nepeta
Family
Lamiaceae
Order
Lamiales
Basic information and facts
Origin:
Catnip is native to parts of Europe, Asia, and Africa but has naturalized in North America and other temperate regions worldwide.
Distribution:
It is commonly found across Europe, North America, and parts of Asia. Catnip thrives in fields, along roadsides, and in gardens, particularly in temperate climates.
Annual, biennial, or perennial:
Catnip is a perennial herb.
Flowers:
Catnip produces small, tubular flowers that are typically white or pale lavender, often with purple spots. The flowers bloom in spikes from late spring to early fall.
Leaves:
Its leaves are heart-shaped with serrated edges and are covered with fine hairs. They have a gray-green color and emit a distinct minty aroma when crushed.
Fruits:
Catnip fruits are small, dry, nut-like seeds called nutlets that develop after the flowers are pollinated.
Climate and weather:
Catnip thrives in temperate climates with moderate temperatures. It prefers full sunlight but can tolerate partial shade. The plant is drought-tolerant and does well in well-drained soil.
Pollination:
Catnip is pollinated by insects, especially bees, which are attracted to its flowers. The flowers also attract butterflies and other beneficial insects.
Height:
Catnip typically grows to a height of 50–100 cm (20–40 inches), depending on growing conditions.
Spacing:
Plants should be spaced about 30–45 cm (12–18 inches) apart to allow for proper air circulation and healthy growth.
Propagation:
Catnip can be propagated by seeds, cuttings, or division. Seeds can be sown directly in the garden or started indoors and transplanted. Cuttings from mature plants root easily in moist soil.
Insect pests:
Common pests include aphids, spider mites, and whiteflies, though catnip is generally resistant to most pests due to its aromatic oils.
Diseases:
Catnip is relatively disease-resistant but may suffer from fungal diseases like powdery mildew or root rot if grown in overly wet conditions.
Harvesting:
The leaves and flowering tops are harvested during blooming, typically in late spring to early summer. They can be used fresh or dried for later use.
Uses:
Catnip is most famously used as a stimulant for cats. In addition, it has traditional medicinal uses for humans, including as a mild sedative or herbal remedy for digestive issues, headaches, and anxiety. It is also grown as an ornamental plant and can be used in teas.
Crop categories
Pictures

Catnip leaves

Cat with catnip

Catnip

Catnip flower

Flowering catnip